Alerts
RNA-based stable isotope probing to link structure and function of prebiotics-assimilating intestinal microbiotas
Dr. Markus Egert from Furtwangen University, Germany will give a talk during the 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017 on "RNA-based stable isotope probing to link structure and function of prebiotics-assimilating intestinal microbiotas"
Despite their great economic and therapeutic importance, still little is known about which microorganisms actually degrade and assimilate prebiotic carbohydrates within a complex intestinal microbiota. However, such knowledge is essential to better understand the mode of action of prebiotics in general. Stemming from environmental microbiology, RNA-based stable isotope probing (RNA-SIP) represents a powerful technique to link the identity of distinct microorganisms to the assimilation of a certain, stable istope-labelled substrate. The presentation will particularity focus on the digestive fate of resistant starch when being consumed by microbiotas of mice and human origin.
Dr Markus Egert received an award during the 2nd Symposium on Skin Microbiota for his scientific contribution. More information about the award here.
For more information about Targeting Microbiota Congress, which will be held in Berlin on October 26-27, 2017: www.microbiota-site.com
What are the recent advances related to the human infant gut microbiota mobilome?
Dr. Knut Rudi from Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway will present his study related to "The human infant gut microbiota mobilome " during the 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017.
According to him: "The microbial ecosystem residing in the human gastrointestinal tract plays an intimate role in the development and well-being of their human host. The gut commensal microbes reside in synergy with the host, undertaking wide range of functions that benefits themselves and their host. These host-associated microbial communities that share different functional genes between distinct bacterial species are increasingly associated with horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as plasmids, transposons and integrons are main contributors to HGT. The human gut microbiota are reservoirs to multiple AR genes that in turn are associated with wide range of MGEs. These elements additionally harbor novel genes that attributes towards the host microbe properties. However, the distribution and association of MGEs in the developing gut microbiota remains largely unexplored. Current status and future developments in our knowledge about the infant gut microbiota mobilome will be discussed".
For more information about Targeting Microbiota Congress, which will be held in Berlin on October 26-27, 2017: www.microbiota-site.com
The list of oral communications presented during Targeting Microbiota congress is now available
The scientific committee of the 5th World Congress on Targeting Microbiota 2017 published the list of short presentations accepted for a presentation during the international congress.
The speakers who have a short presentation will have 7 minutes for presentation + 3 minutes for questions.
You can access the list of oral communications accepted by clicking here. If your abstract submitted for an oral presentation is not on this list, please don't hesitate to contact.
You have still until September 28 to submit your abstract for a poster presentation. The agenda of posters presentations will be published in October.
The final agenda of Targeting Microbiota 2017 is available
The final scientific agenda of Targeting Microbiota 2017 is now available. To access, please click here.
Major speakers will have 20 minutes for presentation + 5 minutes for questions.
Short Oral Presentations will be 7 minutes for presentations + 3 minutes for questions.
To access the list of poster presentations, please contact us.
Unraveling the gut microbiome of the long-lived naked mole-rat
A recently published article in Nat. Sci. Rep. by Debebe et al. presents the analysis of the gut microbiome and metabolome of the long-lived naked mole-rat. The data were collected and compiled in a very cooperative manner by scientists from Bologna, Berlin, Addis Ababa and Leipzig.
The naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber) is a mouse-sized African mammal that shows few age-related degenerative changes and seems to be resistant to cancer. We characterize for the first time the intestinal microbial ecosystem of the naked mole-rat in comparison to humans and other mammals and highlighting peculiarities related to the specific living environment. Some compositional gut microbiota characteristics were also shared with human gut microbial ecosystems of centenarians and Hadza hunter-gatherers considered as models of a healthy gut microbiome. We found an enrichment of short-chain fatty acids and carbohydrate degradation products in naked mole-rat compared to human samples.
In this study, Dr Debebe and his team suggests that the particular commensal bacteria in connection with the plant-originated diet seem to contribute to the peculiarities responsible for their long healthy life.
One of the co-author of this study, Prof. Gerd Birkenmeier from Medicine University of Leipzig will present the results of this study during the 5th World Congress on Targeting Microbiota. For more information: www.microbiota-site.com
Source: Unraveling the gut microbiome of the long-lived naked mole-rat. Debebe & al. Nat. Sci. Rep.
Targeting Microbiota 2017: Come & Network with....
The International Society of Microbiota is honored to welcoming attendees coming from all around the world, from academics and industries. Among them, you can meet:
4D Pharma, APR, Beiersdorf, Biocodex, Bio-K Plus Pharma, Biose industrie, Biofortis, Clariant Production France, Diversigen, DNA Genotek, DSM Nutritional Products, EF Biomnis, Eurofins Cerep, Ezaki Glico, Genoscreen, Health Optimization Medicine and Practice, Igenomix, Laboratoires M&L, MaaT Pharma, Mayapada Hospital/PT Fresenius Kabi, Mayoly Spindler, MSD, Nestle Research Center, Novozymes,
Indoles from commensal bacteria extend healthspan: a recent study presented by Prof. Jones
A recently published article in PNAS by Sonowal et al. demonstrated that indole generated by intestinal E. coli boosts mobility and resilience in C. elegans, Drosophila, and mice.
These influences were particularly evident during the later stages of organismal lifespans. The results propose that indoles are ancient messenger molecules whereby the microbiota elicits its positive influence on health.
The article’s corresponding author is Dr Dan Kalman of Emory University, and during the ISM meeting, Dr Rheinallt Jones who is a co-author on the manuscript will discuss these findings.
For more information about the congress: www.microbiota-site.com
Social ties linked with gut microbiota
Spouses and siblings who report feeling close to one another are more likely to exhibit gut microbial communities that are similar to one another, according to computational biologist Kimberly Dill-McFarland, a postdoc in the lab of Federico Rey at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, who presented these data at the annual American Society for Microbiology meeting in New Orleans this week (June 1-5). But, people share more species with their cohabitating spouse than with their siblings, and notably, social individuals are also more similar to one another in microbial composition than they are with other people.
Dill-McFarland collaborated with social scientists to obtain and analyze fecal samples from individuals participating in the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study—a cohort consisting of 10,317 participants, surveyed every 10 years since they graduated high school in 1957. Five hundred participants completed a 2011 follow-up survey, were living on their own in select Wisconsin counties, and had a sibling in the study who submitted fecal samples for microbial analysis in 2014 to 2015; these individuals ranged from 58 to 91 years old.
The researchers analyzed beta diversity, or the degree to which individuals’ microbial communities differ from one another, and determined if there were any demographic, health, dietary, or social variables that correlate with microbial composition similarity between people.
They found that individuals differed significantly based on sex. In terms of microbial species composition, “a man looks more like a man, and a woman looks more like a woman,” Dill-McFarland tells The Scientist.
Individuals with a high degree of socialness—how often they go out with family or friends—were also similar to one another. Participants were also more similar with one another if they had a high protein diet, a recent history of antibiotic use, and heart disease.
Dill-McFarland’s team determined that participants shared 15 percent of their microbes with family members. Spouses shared an additional 9 percent just with one another, while siblings shared an additional 6 percent.
Relationship closeness significantly correlated with microbial similarity; spouses and siblings who reported that their relationship was very close were more similar microbially than those who reported that their relationship was somewhat or not at all close. However, according to Dill-McFarland, a small number of people reported feeling not at all close to their families, limiting how much she could draw conclusions from the associations.
These data demonstrate that “close, sustained human relationships impact your microbial community,” says Dill-McFarland, which is likely to occur “through microbial sharing, [that is,] physically sharing microbes between the two people, as well as shared social choices.” An individual’s close social network influences what they’re eating, where they’re going, and what they’re doing, explains Dill-McFarland, which, in turn, influences gut microbial composition.
One caveat, says Dill-McFarland, is that unrelated individuals are likely more similar to one another in this sample than from a random sample of the US or global population, because they’re within a similar age range and have spent a part of their life in the same place.
The idea that people are capable of passing on their gut microbes to others, especially those who live in the same household, is not a novel premise. However, researchers have yet to definitely demonstrate whether it’s possible to directly transfer gut microbes between people throughout their normal, day-to-day interactions. Data supporting microbial transfer in humans is all correlational, says Dill-McFarland, not unlike the current data. Senior author and microbiologist Rey and Pamela Herd, a social scientist, plan on investigating this in future studies with animal models.
Dr Federico Rey is a Key speaker of Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017 which will be held in Berlin and will brievly presents this study. More information on www.microbiota-site.com
Source for picture: IXABAY, SHLOMASTER
News selected from The Scientist: http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/49591/title/Social-Ties-Linked-with-Gut-Microbiota/
Health Optimization Medicine (HOMe): Presentation of a framework to include microbiota and mitochondria in clinical practice
Dr Theodore Achacoso from Health Optimization Medicine and Practice Association, USA and BioBalance Institute, Manila, Philippines Will give a strategic presentation during Targeting Microbiota congress about Health Optimization Medicine (HOMe): A framework to include microbiota and mitochondria in clinical practice.
According to Dr Achacoso: "“Illness Medicine” diagnoses and treats disease at the organ level of organization, for example, neurology and cardiology. Allopathic Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Alternative Medicine, Complementary Medicine, and Functional Medicine are all clinical practices that diagnose and treat disease. In contrast, “Health Optimization Medicine” or HOMe detects and corrects imbalances at the cellular and intracellular level of organization and communication [...]. Currently, detection and correction of imbalances is at the level of the metabolome, [...] may allow detection and correction of subatomic imbalances [...] HOMe is a clinical practice at the level of structure, information, and energy common to all cells, regardless of organ."
During the congress, Dr Achacoso will describe HOMe and its practical aspects.
What microbes harbor the long-lived naked-mole rats?
Prof. Gerd Birkenmeier from University of Leipzign, Germany will present his study related to "What microbes harbor the long-lived naked-mole rats?" during the 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017.
According to him: "The naked mole-rat (NMR) is a subterranean mouse-sized African mammal that shows astonishingly few age-related degenerative changes and seems to not be affected by cancer. We characterize for the first time the intestinal microbial ecosystem of the NMR in comparison to humans and other mammals, highlighting peculiarities related to the specific living environment. The gut microbiota peculiarities were shared with human gut microbial ecosystems of centenarians and Hadza hunter-gatherers, considered as models of a healthy gut microbiome and of a homeostatic and highly adaptive gut microbiota-host relationship.These data confirm the importance of the gut microbial ecosystem as an adaptive partner for the mammalian biology and health, independently of the host phylogeny."
For more information about Targeting Microbiota Congress, which will be held in Berlin on October 26-27, 2017: www.microbiota-site.com
The microbiota, epigenome and transcriptome of colonic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease
During the 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017, Dr. Marcus Claesson from University College Cork, Ireland will present his study related to "The microbiota, epigenome and transcriptome of colonic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease”
Previous studies of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have yielded inconclusive results for the composition and relationship between the microbiota and topographic distribution of inflammation. Dr Claeson's team examined paired biopsies from inflamed and non-inflamed segments of colonic mucosa from a large number of IBD patients and healthy controls using high throughput sequencing for microbiota composition and host/microbe expression, and bead arrays for host genetic and epigenetic analyses. Their findings confirmed some previous knowledge and also added new insights into the role of the host epigenome and transcriptome and their interactions with the mucosal microbiota.
For more information about Targeting Microbiota Congress, which will be held in Berlin on October 26-27, 2017: www.microbiota-site.com
Novel techniques in microbiota research: From meta-omics to single cells
Dr. Jakob Zimmermann, University of Bern, Switzerland will highlight "Novel techniques in microbiota research: From meta-omics to single cells" during Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017.The ISM Scientific Contribution Award 2017 was discerned to Prof. Paul Forsythe
The Scientific Committee of the 5th World Congress on Targeting Microbiota, which was held in Berlin on October 26-27, 2017 awarded Prof. Paul Forsythe from McMaster University, Canada for his scientific contribution in the world of microbiota.
During Targeting Microbiota 2017, Prof. Forsythe gave a presentation about "The microbiota-gut-brain axis: modulation by probiotics and antibiotics".
Microbiota and autoimmune diseases: a shield or a sword?
During the 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017, Dr. Filippo Canducci from University of Insubria, Italy will present his study related to "Microbiota and autoimmune diseases: a shield or a sword?" .
According to Dr. Filippo Canducci: "In many autoimmune conditions an altered gut microbial composition is frequently observed. This raises the question whether the reduction of protective microbes or the increase of pathobionts can influence host immune responses or may trigger or sustain the autoimmune condition. Moreover, a detailed species or strain-level identification may be necessary together with the microbiome analysis at different body sites in the gut to better understand the pathogeneses of autoimmune diseases and to plan preventive or therapeutic strategies."
For more information about Targeting Microbiota Congress, which will be held in Berlin on October 26-27, 2017: www.microbiota-site.com
What is the role of nasal microbiota in respiratory recurrent infections (RRI)?
Prof. Desiderio Passali, from University of Siena, Italy will present his studies on the “Role of nasal Microbiota in respiratory recurrent infections (RRI)” during the 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017.
According to Prof. Passali, the presence of a normal naso-sinusal microbial ecosystem, the so called nasal microbiota, is the mainstay for a good homeostasis of respiratory tract.
An imbalance of the nasal microbiota can lead to upper respiratory recurrent infections, which represent the most common illnesses in the patient outsetting.
Special interest grow up in the last years on possible approaches to restore the nasal microbiota. In this context, the topical administration of bacterial species belonging to the healthy human nasal microbiota can offers great benefits for the patient, contributing to the re-colonization process, re-establishing microbial balance, and reducing the level of potential pathogens and could represent a valid alternative to antibiotic.
In particular, the combination of two α-hemolytic streptococci, S. salivarius 24SMB and S. oralis 89a, was able to interfere, in vitro, with the biofilm formation capacity of pathogenic strains of the upper airway; moreover, this combination, resulted able, in various clinical trials, to significantly reduce the recurrence rates of upper respiratory infections.
For more information: www.targeting-microbiota.com
Intestinal microbiota and primary sclerosing cholangitis: Presentation of the recent scientific advances
Dr. Johannes Espolin Roksund Hov, from Oslo University Hospital, Norway will present his study related to "Intestinal microbiota and primary sclerosing cholangitis" during the 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017.
According to him: "Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic presumably autoimmune inflammatory disease of the biliary tree, often leading to endstage liver disease or incurable cancer of the bile ducts. No effetive medical treatment is available. Up to 80% of the patients have concomitant inflammatory bowel disease, making PSC the ultimate model of disturbances in the gut-liver axis. Does the key to the development - and also the treatment of the disease - lie in the gut? I will review the latest evidence of a role of the gut microbiota in PSC and discuss possible pathogenetic concepts, which may also be relevant in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases in general."
For more information about Targeting Microbiota Congress, which will be held in Berlin on October 26-27, 2017: www.microbiota-site.com
Human Gut Microbiota : from structure to functions
Dr. Hervé Blottière from INRA, Micalis Institute and Metagenopolis, Université Paris-Saclay, France will present his study related to "Human Gut Microbiota : from structure to functions" during the 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017.
According to him: "The intestinal microbiota is of great complexity. The metagenomic approach has allowed rapid advancement in characterizing the genetic and genomic diversity of our microbiota. The exhaustive sequencing of the intestinal microbiota of hundreds of healthy individuals, but also that of patients suffering from various pathologies demonstrated the importance of a symbiosis between the microbiota and its host. Dysbiosis of this ecosystem was associated with several diseases, revealing bacterial species as signatures of the patient's condition. An innovative functional metagenomic approach has been implemented allowing to identify bacterial genes and molecules / metabolites involved in this cross talk. The cutting-edge characterization of our other genome, our metagenome, remains a crucial step in the full understanding of the human body."
For more information about Targeting Microbiota Congress, which will be held in Berlin on October 26-27, 2017: www.microbiota-site.com
Role of the skin microbiota in human health and disease: Dr Markus Egert was awarded for his scientific contribution
During the 2nd Symposium on Skin Microbiota, Dr Markus Egert from the Faculty of Medical & Life Sciences (MLS), Institute for Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Villingen-Schwenningen, Germany gave a concise overview about "More than skin-deep: the role of the skin microbiota in human health and disease". This strategic presentation was awarded by the scientific contribution from the scientific committee.
According to Dr Egert: "The human skin is one of the largest and most versatile organs of the human body. Owing to its function as a protective interface between the largely sterile interior of the human body and the highly microbially contaminated outer environment, it is densely colonized with a diverse and active microbiota. Today, this skin microbiota is recognized as an important driver of human health and well-being. It is influenced by many host and environmental factors and interacts closely with the skin immune system. Although cause and effect might be difficult to discriminate, changes in skin microbiota structure and function clearly play a role in the pathobiology of many skin diseases and cosmetic disorders, such as body odor production. Hence, treatment and prevention strategies have to respect this role, rendering pre- and probiotic and even transplantation therapies an additional option to the use of antibiotics. Key questions in the field of skin microbiota research deal with (a) a deeper understanding of the structure (species inventory) and function (physiology) of the healthy human skin microbiota in space and time, (b) the distinction of resident and transient skin microbiota members, (c) the distinction of beneficial skin microorganisms from microorganisms or communities with an adverse or sickening effect on their hosts, (d) factors shaping the skin microbiota and its functional role in health and disease, (e) strategies to manipulate the skin microbiota for therapeutic reasons."
Testimal from Dr Egert: "I definitely enjoyed the ISM Skin Microbiota meeting very much, and I certainly felt very honored to receive the speaker award. Overall, the presentations were very carefully selected and provided a good overview about state-of-the-art topics and new products in the field of skin microbiota research. The meeting was also an excellent opportunity for networking. Personally, I feel that skin microbiota research is still lagging a bit behind gut microbiota research, e.g. regarding the functionality of the microbiota and its (functional) involvement in human health and disease. For instance, while it very clear that butyrate (by fueling the colonocytes) plays a crucial role for the human intestinal homeostasis, similar knowledge about the role of skin microbiota metabolites is still largely missing. Here, more research is needed, in particular because metabolites might be used much easier as therapeutics or in skin care products than living microorganisms."
If you would like to have more information about skin microbiota symposium, please follow this link.
Dysbiosis profiling and pediatric diseases: pattern correlations and bacterial dysfuntions.
Dr. Lorenza Putignani from Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital and Research Institute, Italy will present her study of "Dysbiosis profiling and pediatric diseases: pattern correlations and bacterial dysfuntions." during 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017.
According to her: "Programming in early life is associated to microbial ecology and chronological succession of competitive microbial communities. The assessment of eubiotic profiling in childhood needs to consider onset and modification of gut microbiota through development stages. Regardless these large modifications, microbiota profiling associated to pediatric diseases is very robust and stable, depending on age and geographic patterns. Fixed these parameters, dysbiotic levels can be defined and computed in childhood, providing an excellent example of microbiota profiling".
For more information about Targeting Microbiota Congress, which will be held in Berlin on October 26-27, 2017: www.microbiota-site.com
Probiotics as potential therapeutics in the management of metabolic syndrome
Dr. Ryo Aoki from Ezaki Glico, Tokyo, Japan will present his study of "Probiotics as potential therapeutics in the management of metabolic syndrome" during 5th Targeting Microbiota World Congress 2017.
According to him: "Obesity is becoming a global epidemic, and a major contributor to increased incidence of serious chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Recent interest in the gut microbiota has reinforced the concept that our colonic bacteria may not simply reflect lifestyle choices such as diet, but they can also influence energy metabolism. Several studies show that obesity leads to the composition shift of gut microbiota in both mice and humans. In addition, it is revealed that microbial metabolites including short-chain fatty acids have distinct actions relevant to energy homoeostasis. Thus, modulation of the gut microbiota by probiotics treatment is considered an emerging strategy for controlling body weight and insulin sensitivity. This presentation will focus on the effects of probiotics treatment on obesity and on the underlying mechanisms in order to elucidate the properties of probiotics involved in the anti-obesity effects."
For more information: www.microbiota-site.com
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