Alerts

A Gut Commensal, Parabacteroides distasonis, and Type 1 Diabetes Onset

Dr. Emrah Altindis, from the Biology Department Boston College, USA, will be joining us this October to discuss his latest findings on the "A Gut Commensal, Parabacteroides distasonis, and Type 1 Diabetes Onset". 

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells. One of the earliest aspects of this process is development of autoantibodies and T-cells directed at an epitope in the B-chain of insulin (insB:9-23). Analysis of microbial protein sequences with homology to insB:9-23 sequence revealed 17 peptides showing >50% identity to insB:9-23. Of these, one peptide, found in the normal human gut commensal Parabacteroides distasonis, activated both human T cell clones from T1D patients and T-cell hybridomas from non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice specific to insB:9-23. Immunization of NOD mice with P. distasonis insB:9-23 peptide mimic or insB:9-23 peptide verified immune cross-reactivity. Colonization of female NOD mice with P. distasonis accelerated the development of T1D, increasing macrophages, dendritic cells and destructive CD8+ T-cells, while decreasing FoxP3+ regulatory T-cells. Western blot analysis identified P. distasonis reacting antibodies in sera of NOD mice colonized with P. distasonis and human T1D patients. Furthermore, adoptive transfer of splenocytes from P. distasonis treated mice to NOD/SCID mice enhanced disease phenotype in the recipients. Finally, analysis of human infant gut microbiome data revealed that exposure of infants to P. distasonis may modulate disease pathogenesis. Taken together, these data demonstrate the potential role for an insB:9-23-mimimetic peptide from gut microbiota as a molecular trigger or modifier of T1D pathogenesis.

Join Dr. Altindis in Targeting Microbiota 2022 to benefit from his experience and better understand the relationship between gut commensals and diabetes onset.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Influence of the Gut Microbiome in Ischemic Stroke Risk and Ischemic Stroke Outcome

Dr. Miquel Lledós from the Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Spain will join the Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress and give a presentation entitled "Influence of the Gut Microbiome in Ischemic Stroke Risk and Ischemic Stroke Outcome".

We performed shotgun metagenomics sequencing to analyse the taxonomic profiles in ischemic stroke patients. We aimed to identify microbiota taxa associated with: risk of ischemic stroke, neurological outcome in the acute phase at 6h and 24h (classified with the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) as mild, moderate or severe stroke), and functional outcome at 3 months measured with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). We found multiple new taxonomic profiles associated with stroke, revealing that gut microbiome could be an important factor associated with stroke risk and stroke acute and long-term outcome.

Join Dr. Lledós in Targeting Microbiota 2022 to benefit from his experience and expand your knowledge about the link between the microbiota and stroke.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Interactions Between Epithelial Proteases And Gut Microbiota Biofilms During Intestinal Disease

Dr. Jean-Paul Motta, Institute of Digestive Health Research, France, will join Targeting Microbiota this October to present his new studies on the "Interactions Between Epithelial Proteases And Gut Microbiota Biofilms During Intestinal Disease". 

Dr. Motta states that Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is linked with abnormal upregulation of epithelial protease, such as elastase and thrombin. Their recent works aim to decipher the mechanisms by which such high protease activity could fuel intestinal inflammation via an action on host receptors, but also to directly alter commensal microbiota forming biofilms at the mucosal surface. 

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Host / Microbiota Interaction at the Mucosal Surface – Importance of a No Man’s Land !

Dr. Benoit Chassaing from Institut Cochin, France will join the Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress and give a presentation entitled "Host / Microbiota Interaction at the Mucosal Surface – Importance of a No Man’s Land !".

Recent researches have highlighted the importance of a proper host-microbiota interaction at the mucosal surface, with the observation of microbiota encroachment within the normally sterile mucus layer in preclinical models of chronic inflammatory diseases as well as in humans suffering IBD or type 2 diabetes.

Dr. Chassaing's presentation will discuss dietary factors involved in the promotion of microbiota encroachment, as well as mechanisms by which targeted immunization can be used to prevent / reverse encroachment and hence protect against chronic inflammatory diseases.

Join Dr. Chassaing in Targeting Microbiota 2022 to benefit from his experience on the host - microbiota interactions.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Host-Microbes Mechanisms during E. coli Infections and Diet-induced Dysmetabolism

Dr. Matteo Serino, CRCN researcher from INSERM (France), will be joining us this October to present a talk entitled "Host-Microbes Mechanisms during E. coli Infections and Diet-induced Dysmetabolism".

A high-fat diet-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis is at the carrefour between E. coli infections and metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Dr. Serino will discuss about both cellular and molecular mechanisms governing dysbiosis-induced systemic, gut and hepatic inflammation in lean and obese mice.

These mechanisms include: i) platelets modulation as sentinels of E. coli-induced systemic inflammation; ii) NLRP3 inflammasome activation to control gut inflammation and iii) modulation of hepatic microRNAs as bridge molecules between gut microbes and hepatic inflammation.

Join us in Targeting Microbiota 2022 and benefit from the experience of Dr. Serino. Don't forget that you can share your work in this session by submitting your abstract.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Microbial Biomarkers to Predict Respiratory Infection

Dr. Claire Woodall, a Daphne Jackson Fellow at the University of Bristol, will be presenting her research at the 9^th ISM Annual Meeting to discuss “Microbial Biomarkers to Predict Respiratory Infection”.

Respiratory tract infections are the most common infections seen in primary care, and the single greatest contributor to the overall burden of infections worldwide. Community-acquired viral respiratory infection includes influenza-like illness and more recently, COVID-19 disease. Even in otherwise healthy adults, respiratory infections are common and they may experience multiple infections per year.

Microbial biomarker studies are proposed as an emerging tool to identify healthy adults most susceptible to respiratory infection. If this identification were possible, then alongside clinical primary care standard practice protective measures can be implemented early. This talk discusses the current evidence for microbial biomarkers predicting susceptibility to respiratory infection and asks the question: is the science there yet?

Join us in Targeting Microbiota 2022 and benefit from the experience of Dr. Woodall. Don't forget that you can share your work in this session by submitting your abstract.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Role of the Gut Microbiota in Arterial Thrombosis

Dr. Christoph Reinhardt, from University Mainz, Germany, will be joining us this October to discuss his latest findings on the "Role of the Gut Microbiota in Arterial Thrombosis". 

The gut microbiota impacts vascular phenotypes in the small intestinal mucosa but via the gut-liver axis also acts remotely on the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium.

Experimentation with germ-free mouse models indicates that this densely colonized microbial ecosystem promotes vascular inflammation and interferes with the atherosclerotic lesion development. Importantly, involving endothelial and platelet-dependent mechanisms, the gut microbiota promotes arterial thrombus growth.   

Join Dr. Christoph Reinhardt in Targeting Microbiota 2022 to benefit from his experience and better understand the role of microbiota in arterial thrombosis.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Oral Microbial Dysbiosis and Oral Diseases

Dr. Xin Xu, from Sichuan University, China, will be joining us this October to discuss his latest findings on "Oral Microbial Dysbiosis and Oral Diseases". 

Dr. Xu's talk will discuss the microbial baseline in oral health, and oral diseases that are associated with microbial dysbiosis. Eocological approaches that aims to restore microbial ecology and thus rescue oral diseases will also be discussed.

Book your spot for Targeting Microbiota 2022 to benefit from Dr. Xu's experience and boost your knowledge on the oral microbiota.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Probiotics and FMT as Add-On Therapies for Depression

Dr. André Schmidt, from the University of Basel, Switzerland, will be joining us in October to discuss his latest findings on "Probiotics and FMT as Add-on Therapies for Depression". 

In fact, depression is a highly prevalent and burdensome psychiatric disorder. Even though antidepressants and further therapeutic approaches are widely applied, up to 30% of treatment-resistant patients experience residual symptoms when receiving optimized treatments. Therefore, the development of novel and more efficient treatment approaches is urgently needed. Compelling evidence shows that alterations in the gut microbiota composition impact human physiology and contribute to diseases including psychiatric disorders like depression. The manipulation of the gut microbiota as part of the microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis has emerged as promising new target for the treatment of depression.

In this talk, Dr. Schmidt presents data from a randomized controlled trial exploring clinical and biological effects along the MGB axis of probiotic supplementation in patients with depression. He further shows data from two depressed patients receiving fecal microbiota transplantation. These findings will be discussed in the view of current research and potential suggestions for future studies will be proposed aiming at developing microbial interventions for depression care.

Join Dr. Schmidt and other experts to know more about the "Strategies, Innovations & Challenges to Target Microbiota Dysbiosis".

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

The Probiotic Strain H. alvei HA4597 for Weight Loss

It is a great pleasure to welcome Dr. Pierre Déchelotte, from Rouen Normandy University, France during the 9th World Congress.

Dr. Déchelotte will present his most recent findings on The Probiotic Strain H. alvei HA4597 for Weight Loss, during the session dedicated to "Strategies, Innovations & Challenges to Target Microbiota Dysbiosis"

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Proof-of-Principle Demonstration of Endogenous Circadian System and Circadian Misalignment Effects on Human Oral Microbiota

Dr. Frank Scheer, from Harvard Medical School, USA will be discussing his most recent findings on ''Proof-of-principle demonstration of endogenous circadian system and circadian misalignment effects on human oral microbiota''.

Shift workers are at increased risk for the development of diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. Dr. Scheer and colleagues have shown under highly-controlled human experimental protocols that circadian misalignment—the misalignment between the endogenous circadian system and the sleep/wake cycle—results in increases in inflammatory markers, elevated blood pressure, changes in hunger/appetite control, and impaired glucose tolerance; both in non-shift workers and in real-life shift workers. 

Since microbiota can play a key role in metabolism and inflammation, Dr. Scheer aimed to determine whether human oral microbiota (suitable for non-invasive and frequent repeat sampling): (1) express endogenous circadian rhythms (i.e., independent of sleep, eating, physical activity, and environmental light rhythms); and (2) are impacted by circadian misalignment.

In a proof-of-concept study, using highly-controlled 14-day in-laboratory experimental circadian studies, Dr. Scheer found that one of five dominant phyla and three of fourteen dominant genera exhibited endogenous circadian rhythms. Importantly, he found that four of the five dominant phyla and eight of the fourteen dominant genera were impacted by circadian misalignment. Furthermore, inferred gene content analysis indicated changes in specific functional pathways associated with metabolic control and immunity.

These findings may have relevance for the millions of shift workers, jet travelers, as well as the broader population when we change the timing of our sleep/wake cycles.

Additonal microbiota topics will be introduced during the Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress, held this October - in Paris.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Short-chain Fatty Acids as Modulators of Redox Signaling in Health and Disease

Dr. Carmen González-Bosch, from Universitat de València, Spain will be discussing her most recent findings on ''Short-chain Fatty Acids as Modulators of Redox Signaling in Health and Disease''.

It is now apparent that the microbiota is a critical determinant of human health and disease and a key regulator of host physiology. Several health benefits of specific food-derived molecules are related to their ability to activate antioxidant defences. Among these, is the well-studied isothiocyanate sulforaphane, found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli.

This protection occurs through activation of the Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-KEAP1 pathway, in which NRF2 serves as a master regulator of cellular antioxidant defences. Notably, short chain fatty acids, such as butyrate and propionate, produced by colonic bacteria and obtained from the diet, are also activators of NRF2, although studies on their role as regulators of redox homeostasis is limited.

Dr. González-Bosch recently critically reviewed this field, providing convincing evidence supporting their cytoprotective roles in suppressing inflammation and carcinogenesis and the consequences of aging.

The fact that phytochemicals, including sulforaphane, activate similar redox-sensitive genes in both plant and mammalian cells, prompted us to initiate a translational research project in collaboration with colleagues at King´s College of London with the objective of integrating knowledge from priming plants and mammalian cells based on redox homeostasis.

The design of improved experimental approaches to explore the mechanisms of production and action of SCFAs in cellular redox signaling under physiological oxygen levels will underpin strategies for developing personalized nutrition and therapeutics for redox medicine.

The Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress, held this October - in Paris, will be hosting similar interesting topics on microbiota.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Manipulating Fiber Polysaccharide Structure to Alter Targeting to Gut Microbiota

Dr. Stephen Lindemann, from Purdue University, USA will be discussing his most recent findings on ''Manipulating Fiber Polysaccharide Structure to Alter Targeting to Gut Microbiota''.

Modulation of the gut microbiome’s composition and function using prebiotic fibers requires that individuals’ microbiota respond more similarly than idiosyncratically. Unfortunately, however, most common prebiotics are broadly utilized by diverse microbiota, and often fail in feeding trials to increase abundances of their targeted microbes. In contrast, however, arabinoxylans, which are hemicellulosic fibers from brans, elicit highly reproducible microbiome responses across individuals, both with respect to community structure and metabolic function. Fine differences in arabinoxylan structure make significant impacts on the most adapted microbial consortia. Furthermore, enzymatic pre-modification of arabinoxylan structure is able to retarget arabinoxylans to different microbial consumers, and their associated metabolites.

This talk will underscore the use of these complex fibers for predictable microbiome impact across diverse individual gut microbiomes. Join Dr. Lindemann during the Session entitled ''Strategies, Innovations & Challenges to Target Microbiota Dysbiosis'' to learn more about his talk.

More interesting topics on microbiota in nutrition will be presented during the Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress, held this October - in Paris.

You can also submit your abstract for this session.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Beneficial Effects of Natural Mineral Waters on Intestinal Inflammation and the Mucosa-Associated Microbiota

Prof. Nicolas Barnich, from Université Clermont Auvergne, France will be discussing his most recent findings on ''Beneficial Effects of Natural Mineral Waters on Intestinal Inflammation and the Mucosa-Associated Microbiota''.

 Join Targeting Microbiota 2022  to benefit from Dr. Barnich's experience, and get introduced to other interesting topics on microbiota.

You can also submit your abstract for this session.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Interpreting Microbiomes Via Multi-omics for Precision Health

Dr. Nathan Price, from Thorne HealthTech, USA will be discussing his most recent findings on ''Interpreting microbiomes via multi-omics for precision health''

Healthcare in the 21st century is becoming increasingly focused on wellness as a key strategy for dealing with the chronic diseases that account for the majority of healthcare costs today. To enable the precision health strategies of the future — what we call ’scientific wellness’ — it is necessary to generate large amounts of data on healthy people to quantify wellness states and to observe the earliest transitions to disease in order to enable predictive and preventive medicine.

In his talk, Dr. Price will discuss how such 'deep phenotyping’ data has been used in particular to show:

1. The ability of the blood metabolome to interpret key aspects of gut microbiome health
2. The gut microbiome becoming more unique to each individual throughout healthy aging
3. Intervening in the microbiome to improve health.

He will also introduce a new microbiome sample collection technology that his team developed at Thorne HealthTech.

Join us for Targeting Microbiota 2022, this October - in Paris, to know more about similar interesting topics on microbiota.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Understanding the Heterogeneity of Host-associated Microbial Communities

Prof. Lei Dai, from Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology (China), will be discussing his most recent findings on ''Understanding the Heterogeneity of Host-associated Microbial Communities''

The realization that microbial communities, associated with virtually all multicellular organisms, have tremendous impact on their hosts’ health and development is considered one of the most important scientific discoveries in the last decade.

Prof. Dai will introduce his recent efforts to characterize the heterogeneity of host-associated microbiome in three different aspects:

1) Dynamics. There is growing evidence that baseline composition may be an important contributor to the personalized response of gut microbiome. Prof. Dai developed computational approaches to study key factors underlying the heterogeneity in microbiome dynamics.

2) Space. The spatial heterogeneity of microbial communities has been observed across different habitats, ranging from human gastrointestinal tract to plant rhizosphere. He developed in situ spatial analysis of microbiome at single cell resolution, which is crucial for elucidating the principles governing the assembly of microbiome.

3) Strain. The within-species functional heterogeneity has been increasingly recognized as an important factor in shaping the ecology and evolution of microbiome. He developed bioinformatics tools to infer strain-level composition and functional profiles from metagenomics data.

In summary, Prof. Dai developed novel methods to study the dynamical response, spatial structure and strain-level diversity of microbial communities. These methods will open up new dimensions to understand the complexity of microbiome and facilitate the precise engineering of microbiome.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Gut Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism

Dr. Fermin I. Milagro, from the University of Navarra (Spain), will be discussing his most recent findings on "Gut Microbiota-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Obesity, Diabetes and Metabolism".

Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been proposed as a contributing factor to the etiology of obesity and diabetes. In this context, gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles (EV) are gaining attention as mediators in the gut microbiota-host communication. EV derived from gut microbiota and probiotic bacteria contain a myriad of bioactive molecules (including proteins, microRNAs, and lipids) that could modulate important biological functions with overall impact on host health. It has been reported that EV-derived from specific bacteria induce different physiological responses. For example, those from Akkermansia muciniphila are known to ameliorate obesity and diabetes in mice. Some of the underlying mechanisms are the modulation of gut permeability, inflammation, and host metabolism. For these reasons, nutritional and pharmacological approaches based on the administration of EV derived from probiotics or gut microbiota bacteria should be viewed as a new therapeutic tool to treat obesity and diabetes. Also, the characteristics and amount of gut microbiota-derived EV could be modulated through dietary means to prevent and treat metabolic diseases.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022 - Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Microbial and Nutritional Influence on Endocrine Control of Growth

Dr. François Leulier from Université de Lyon, France will be discussing his most recent findings on “Microbial and Nutritional Influence on Endocrine Control of Growth" in a session dedicated to “Personalized Nutrition and Microbiota”.

Metazoans establish reciprocal interactions with their commensal bacterial communities. Despite recent progress, a clear view of the physiological benefits associated with host/microbiota relationship remains elusive. Hence the molecular mechanisms through which the microbiota exerts its beneficial influences are still largely undefined.

In this line, he aims at deciphering the molecular dialogue governing the mutualistic interaction between intestinal bacteria and their host. To this end, he is using a genetically tractable gnotobiotic animal model: Drosophila melanogaster, which are associated to its natural dominant commensals, Lactobacillus plantarum and Acetobacter pomorum. He is developing multiscale functional approaches to identify the mechanisms that underlie their mutualistic relationship, which results in the promotion of host juvenile growth.

His approaches aim at identifying both the bacterial and host genetic and metabolic networks required to sustain their mutualistic relationship. In addition, he is translating his discoveries to mouse gnotobiotic and conventional models by studying the impact of selected strains or newly developed minimal communities of intestinal bacteria on mice linear growth.

He will present his latest results using Drosophila and Mouse models.

Remember that you can also participate in the “Nutrition, Water and Microbiota: The Missing Links” session by submiting your abstract here.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022- Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Precision Nutrition to Modulate Gut Microbiota in Reproductive Health and Pregnancy

Dr. Annalisa Terranegra from Sidra Medical and Research Center, Qatar, will be discussing her most recent findings on ”Precision nutrition approach to modulate gut microbiota in reproductive health and pregnancy"

A poor diet during preconception period and pregnancy can cause deficiency in nutrients impacting on gene pathways involved in the metabolism, immune system, angiogenesis and other pathways and leading to infertility, pregnancy complications (i.e., gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, preterm birth, etc.) and the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the adult life.
The recent advance in the multi-omics technologies opens new routes to discover the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of nutrients in fertility and pregnancy complications.
The study of the microbiota shed lights on the microbial dysbiosis caused by unbalanced diet and its link with pregnancy complications, such as gestational diabetes and preterm birth, among others. However, the difference in genetic background as well as in the environmental factors makes difficult to define the exact mechanism controlling the microbiota in the pregnancy complications and infertility among different populations. The science of precision nutrition aims to provide precise diagnosis and personalized treatments to the individual patient taking into account genetics, microbiota composition and environmental factors.
Her studies focus on understanding the response of the gut microbiota to different dietary intakes both in pregnancy complications and in-vitro fertilization treatments in unexplored populations from Middle East and Far East.

You can also present a short oral presentation during this session, by submitting your abstract here.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022- Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com

Exploring a Healthy Human Gut Microbiota in a Mediterranean Cohort

Dr. Andrés Moya from the University of València, Spain will join us this year to present his most recent findings on "Exploring a healthy human gut microbiota in a Mediterranean cohort"

In his talk, he will present his recent study where he characterize the composition and function of the gut microbiota of a healthy Mediterranean cohort structured in three groups of age (Infants, Adults, and Elderly). This cohort has been sampled regularly for up to more than two years. He will report on a set of mutualistic symbionts constituting the microbial core of the Mediterranean cohort across the entire life. Also, he will present robustness differences of the gut microbiota at different age periods and the existence of taxa, particularly at elderly, decoupled from and do not favor their host.

Targeting Microbiota 2022 Congress
October 19-21, 2022- Paris, France
www.microbiota-site.com